Sexual violence against women is common in Pakistan, but it is underreported because of the stigma attached to it in the conservative country, and protests about the issue have been rare.
Thursday's violence started when hundreds of students demonstrated outside a campus in the city of Rawalpindi in Punjab province. They burned furniture and blocked a key road in the city, disrupting traffic, before ransacking a college building. Police responded by swinging batons and firing tear gas to disperse them, police official Mohammad Afzal said.
In a statement, police said they arrested 250 people, mostly students, on charges of disrupting the peace.
In Gujrat, also in Punjab province, a security guard died in clashes between student protesters and police on Wednesday. The police have arrested someone in connection with the death.
They also arrested a man who is accused of spreading misinformation on social media about the alleged rape and inciting students to violence.
Earlier this week, more than two dozen college students were injured in clashes with police in Lahore after they rallied to demand justice for the victim, who they alleged was raped on campus at the Punjab Group of Colleges.
Authorities, including the province's chief minister and the college administration, denied there was an assault, as did the young woman’s parents.
The ongoing protests appear to have begun spontaneously. Student unions have been banned in Pakistan since 1984. The youth wings of several opposition parties have since expressed support.
On Thursday, Usman Ghani, the head of youth wing of the Jamaat-e-Islami opposition party, demanded an end to the ban on student unions, saying they might have helped resolve the matter without violence.
He said cases of sexual abuse at educational institutions are common.
“But the main thing is how you respond to make it sure that the attackers don't get away without getting arrested.”
Hasna Cheema, from the rights group Aurat Foundation, said neither Pakistani police nor the media were trained to handle such sensitive matters.
“They turn things from bad to worse instead of solving them,” Cheema said.
The Sustainable Social Development Organization said last month that there were 7,010 rape cases reported in Pakistan in 2023, almost 95% of them in Punjab.
“However, due to social stigmas in Pakistan that discourage women from getting help, there is a high chance that due to underreporting the actual number of cases may be even higher,” it said.
This week's protests come less than a month after a woman said she was gang-raped while on duty during a polio vaccination drive in southern Sindh province.
Police arrested three men. Her husband threw her out of the house after the reported assault, saying she had tarnished the family name.
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Associated Press writer Asim Tanveer contributed to this story from Multan, Pakistan.
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